SeaWorthy / Pre-purchase boat survey checklist

Pre-purchase boat survey checklist

What a marine surveyor inspects before a boat changes hands: 155 items in 25 sections, from the hull and thru-hulls to the rigging and the sea trial, and which kinds of boat each one applies to.

What a pre-purchase survey covers

A pre-purchase survey is commissioned by the buyer to find out what they are really buying: the condition of the structure and systems, anything unsafe or out of line with the standards the boat should meet, and what it is worth. It is usually the most thorough survey a recreational boat gets, often with the boat hauled out and a sea trial. An insurance condition-and-value survey covers much of the same ground, framed for an underwriter.

This is the checklist SeaWorthy's marine survey software works from. 50 of the 155 items apply to every boat. The rest depend on the vessel: sail or power, length, fuel and propulsion, whether the survey is in the United States or Canada, systems such as LPG or a generator, and whether there is a sea trial. Each item is rated Satisfactory, Requires Service, Not Observed or Not Applicable.

Sailboats applies only to these boats ABYC H-27 standard or regulation referenced

Standards are listed for 120 of the 155 items, by code only. They show where to look, not what the standard says; always check the current edition. Items without one are descriptive records or condition judgments that no standard publishes.

Sections

  1. Hull
  2. Moisture Readings
  3. Deck / Superstructure
  4. Interior
  5. Engine
  6. Fuel System
  7. Electrical / Electronics
  8. Fresh Water System
  9. Sanitation
  10. Thru-Hulls (Below Waterline)
  11. Rigging
  12. Sails
  13. Ground Tackle
  14. Safety Equipment
  15. Gasoline Fuel & Ventilation
  16. Diesel Fuel System
  17. Electric Propulsion
  18. Propulsion — Outboard
  19. Propulsion — Inboard Shafting
  20. Propulsion — Sterndrive
  21. Propulsion — Waterjet
  22. Propulsion — Pod Drive
  23. LPG / Propane System
  24. Carbon Monoxide & Accommodation
  25. Sea Trial

Hull

  • Type
  • Foils / Keel Sailboats TP 1332
  • Rudder Sailboats or inboard shaft drive ABYC E-2 TP 1332
  • Material
  • Steering Gear ABYC P-21 ABYC P-17 ABYC P-18 ABYC P-22 TP 1332
  • Below waterline coating ABYC E-2
  • Exterior hull coating
  • Portlights Enclosed accommodation ABYC H-3 TP 1332
  • Bulkheads TP 1332
  • Stringers TP 1332
  • Stem / bow TP 1332
  • Stern / transom TP 1332
  • Bilge ABYC H-22
  • Bilge pump ABYC H-22 TP 1332 SVR
  • Propeller Not jet drive Powered boats TP 1332
  • Hull General TP 1332
  • Anodes ABYC E-2

Moisture Readings

  • Deck moisture reading
  • Hull sides moisture reading
  • Keel area moisture reading
  • Transom moisture reading
  • Moisture meter instrument used

Deck / Superstructure

  • Deck surface condition
  • Non-skid surfaces ABYC H-41 TP 1332
  • Hatches and companionways ABYC H-41 ABYC H-3 TP 1332
  • Cockpit and drains ABYC H-4 TP 1332
  • Lifelines, bow rails and stanchions ABYC H-41 TP 1332
  • Cleats and chocks ABYC H-40 TP 1332
  • Winches Sailboats TP 1332
  • Windshield, dodger / bimini and canvas ABYC H-3 TP 1332
  • Davits / dinghy lifting system — structure, attachment, and rated capacity Davits aboard ABYC H-40 TP 1332

Interior

  • Headliner condition Enclosed accommodation
  • Cabinetry and joinery Enclosed accommodation
  • Berths and cushions Enclosed accommodation
  • Floorboards and soles
  • Ventilation TP 1332
  • Galley equipment Enclosed accommodation ABYC A-3

Engine

  • Engine make / model / year Powered boats
  • Engine hours Powered boats
  • Engine mounts Inboard engine (shaft, sterndrive, jet or pod) Powered boats ABYC P-4 TP 1332
  • Cooling system Powered boats ABYC P-4 TP 1332
  • Exhaust system Inboard engine (shaft, sterndrive, jet or pod) Fuel-burning engines ABYC P-1 ABYC TH-23 TP 1332
  • Raw water strainer Inboard engine (shaft, sterndrive, jet or pod) Powered boats ABYC P-4 ABYC H-27 TP 1332
  • Oil and fluid levels Fuel-burning engines ABYC P-4
  • Belt and hose condition Inboard engine (shaft, sterndrive, jet or pod) Fuel-burning engines ABYC P-4
  • Engine run test Powered boats ABYC P-4
  • Transmission / gearbox (if fitted) Inboard engine (shaft, sterndrive, jet or pod) ABYC P-4 TP 1332

Fuel System

  • Fuel tank material and condition Fuel-burning engines ABYC H-24 ABYC H-33 TP 1332 SVR
  • Fuel tank venting Fuel-burning engines ABYC H-24 ABYC H-33 TP 1332 SVR
  • Fuel fill and deck fitting Fuel-burning engines ABYC H-24 ABYC H-33 TP 1332
  • Fuel lines and connections Fuel-burning engines ABYC H-24 ABYC H-33 TP 1332 SVR
  • Fuel shut-off valve Fuel-burning engines ABYC H-24 ABYC H-33 TP 1332
  • Day tank (if fitted) 12 m (39 ft) and over Fuel-burning engines ABYC H-33 ABYC H-24 TP 1332

Electrical / Electronics

  • Battery bank condition and capacity ABYC E-10 ABYC E-11 TP 1332
  • Battery switches and isolators ABYC E-11 ABYC E-10 ABYC A-28 TP 1332
  • Wiring — AC system Shore power aboard or generator aboard ABYC E-11 ABYC A-31 ABYC A-32 TP 1332
  • Wiring — DC system ABYC E-11 ABYC E-10 TP 1332
  • Shore power inlet and cord Shore power aboard ABYC E-11 ABYC A-28 TP 1332
  • Navigation lights ABYC A-16 33 CFR 83 TP 1332 SVR COLREGS Rule 20–31
  • VHF radio ABYC E-11
  • Chartplotter / GPS ABYC S-31
  • Depth sounder ABYC S-31
  • Bilge pump float switch ABYC H-22 TP 1332
  • SSB / HF radio (if fitted) ABYC E-11
  • Radar (if fitted) ABYC E-11
  • AIS transponder (if fitted) ABYC E-11
  • Autopilot (if fitted) ABYC E-11 ABYC P-27
  • AC generating plant (genset) installation, exhaust, and fuel supply Generator aboard ABYC A-27 ABYC P-1

Fresh Water System

  • Fresh water tank condition Fresh water system aboard ABYC H-23
  • Water pump Fresh water system aboard ABYC H-23
  • Plumbing lines and fittings Fresh water system aboard ABYC H-23
  • Hot water heater Fresh water system aboard ABYC H-23
  • Pressure tested Fresh water system aboard ABYC H-23
  • Watermaker (reverse-osmosis) installation, high-pressure plumbing, and thru-hulls Watermaker aboard ABYC H-23 ABYC H-27 TP 1332

Sanitation

  • Marine head type and condition Marine head aboard ABYC TH-29 33 CFR 159.7(a) TP 1332 SOR/2012-69 ss. 86, 87
  • Holding tank and capacity Marine head aboard ABYC TH-29 33 CFR 159.7(a) TP 1332 SOR/2012-69 ss. 86, 88
  • Y-valve and overboard discharge Marine head aboard ABYC TH-29 ABYC H-27 33 CFR 159.7(b)-(c) TP 1332 SOR/2012-69 ss. 95, 96
  • Deck pumpout fitting Marine head aboard ABYC TH-29 TP 1332
  • Macerator pump Marine head aboard ABYC TH-29 TP 1332

Thru-Hulls (Below Waterline)

  • Number of thru-hulls ABYC H-27 TP 1332 SVR SVR
  • Seacock operation ABYC H-27 TP 1332 SVR SVR
  • Seacock backing plates ABYC H-27 TP 1332 SVR SVR
  • Depth transducer fitting ABYC H-27 TP 1332
  • Exhaust thru-hull Fuel-burning inboard or jet engine, or a generator aboard ABYC H-27 ABYC P-1 TP 1332

Rigging

  • Standing rigging — wire / rod condition Sailboats
  • Swage fittings and toggles Sailboats
  • Chainplates and deck attachment Sailboats TP 1332
  • Mast step / keel-stepped condition Sailboats TP 1332
  • Spreaders and shroud angles Sailboats
  • Forestay and backstay Sailboats
  • Running rigging — halyards and sheets Sailboats
  • Furling systems Sailboats
  • Boom vang and traveller Sailboats
  • Mast and boom condition Sailboats

Sails

  • Main sail condition Sailboats
  • Jib / genoa condition Sailboats
  • Spinnaker / asymmetric condition Sailboats
  • Storm sails present Sailboats
  • Sail cover condition Sailboats

Ground Tackle

  • Primary anchor type and weight ABYC H-40 SVR
  • Anchor chain — size and length ABYC H-40 SVR
  • Shackles and swivels ABYC H-40
  • Anchor windlass — mounting, deck reinforcement, operation and controls Windlass fitted ABYC H-40 TP 1332
  • Rode storage
  • Secondary anchor (if carried)

Safety Equipment

  • Lifejackets / PFDs — one of appropriate size for each person aboard, approved and serviceable Canada SVR
  • Pyrotechnic distress signals (flares) — number by length; within 4 years of manufacture; not required on a river, canal or lake where the boat is never more than 1 nmi from shore; over 6 m, up to half may be omitted with a two-way radio, a worn 406 MHz PLB or a 406 MHz EPIRB (SVR 213) Canada SVR
  • Fire extinguishers — 6 m and under: one 5B:C if there is an inboard engine, a fixed fuel tank or a fuel-burning appliance; over 6–9 m: one 5B:C if power-driven plus one 5B:C if a fuel-burning appliance; over 9–12 m: the same at 10B:C; over 12 m: a 10B:C at each fuel-burning-appliance space, accommodation entrance and machinery-space entrance; charged and serviced Canada ABYC A-4 SVR NFPA 302
  • Buoyant heaving line (15 m) / lifebuoy on a 15 m buoyant line — per SVR 204 by length Canada SVR
  • Sound signalling device — under 12 m any efficient means; 12 m and over a whistle; 20 m and over a whistle and bell (Rule 33) ABYC A-23 33 CFR 83 SVR COLREGS Rule 33
  • Bailer or manual bilge pump (9 m and under); manual bilge pump or bilge-pumping arrangements (9–12 m); bilge-pumping arrangements (over 12 m) — not required if the boat cannot hold enough water to capsize or its compartments are sealed and not readily accessible (SVR 214) Canada SVR
  • Magnetic compass (not required 8 m and under within sight of seamarks) Canada SVR
  • Anchor with cable, rope or chain — at least 15 m (9 m and under, unless a manual propelling device is carried), 30 m (9–12 m), 50 m (over 12 m) Canada ABYC H-40 SVR
  • Manual propelling device (paddle or oars) or an anchor with at least 15 m of rode — 9 m and under Canada 9 m (30 ft) and under SVR
  • First aid kit (recommended — the SVR do not require one on a pleasure craft) Canada
  • EPIRB / PLB (if carried) — 406 MHz, registered (NOAA in the US, Canadian Beacon Registry), battery within date; hydrostatic release within date on a float-free EPIRB
  • Wearable PFDs — USCG-approved, one per person, correct size, readily accessible (legacy Type I–III or new 'Level' labels; Type V counts only if worn as labelled) United States 33 CFR 175
  • Throwable PFD (legacy Type IV) — boats 16 ft (4.9 m) and over; canoes and kayaks exempt United States 16 ft (4.9 m) and over 33 CFR 175
  • Visual distress signals (coastal waters & Great Lakes) — day and night; night-only for boats under 16 ft, manually propelled boats, open sailboats under 26 ft without propulsion machinery and boats in organized events United States 33 CFR 175
  • Fire extinguishers (motorboats) — number by length; 2018+ model year needs UL 5-B/10-B/20-B, B-I/B-II only on pre-2018 boats; open outboard boats under 26 ft with no enclosed spaces exempt United States ABYC A-4 46 CFR 25 NFPA 302
  • Oil discharge and garbage (MARPOL) placards — boats 26 ft (7.9 m) and over: garbage placard on all, oil discharge placard where there is a machinery space United States 26 ft (7.9 m) and over 33 CFR 151 33 CFR 155
  • Liferaft — float-free stowage / hydrostatic release, last-service date and service interval (manufacturer / ISO 9650) Liferaft aboard
  • Reboarding device — required unless the height to climb back aboard is 0.5 m or less Canada ABYC H-41 SVR
  • Watertight flashlight (counts as the visual signal on boats 6 m and under in place of three flares) Canada SVR
  • Radar reflector (or other means of radar detection) — under 20 m or of non-metallic construction, where practicable; not needed in daylight, limited traffic and favourable conditions, or where the boat's size or operation away from radar navigation makes it impracticable Canada Canadian Collision Regulations Rule 40
  • Axe and two buckets (over 12 m), with 10B:C extinguishers at the machinery space, accommodation and fuel-burning appliance accesses Canada Over 12 m (39 ft) SVR
  • Engine cut-off switch (ECOS) and lanyard / wireless link — boats under 26 ft with 3 hp or more: fitted on boats built on or after 4 December 2019; worn when on plane or above displacement speed United States Under 26 ft (7.9 m) Engine-powered ABYC A-33 46 U.S.C. 4312
  • Capacity / certification label (power monohulls under 20 ft; sailboats, canoes and kayaks exempt) — maximum persons, weight and horsepower, legible and matching the installed power United States Powerboats Under 20 ft (6.1 m) ABYC S-7 ABYC H-5 33 CFR 183
  • Copy of the Inland Navigation Rules aboard (self-propelled vessels 12 m / 39.4 ft and over) United States 12 m (39 ft) and over Powered boats 33 CFR 83.01(g)

Gasoline Fuel & Ventilation

  • Powered & natural engine-compartment ventilation (blower, ducting, warning label) Gasoline engines Inboard engine (shaft, sterndrive, jet or pod) ABYC H-2 33 CFR 183 46 CFR 25.40 33 CFR 175.201 TP 1332 SVR
  • Gasoline-specific fuel system — USCG Type A1/A2 hose, anti-siphon protection, fuel-system grounding, ignition-protected equipment in fuel and engine spaces Gasoline engines ABYC H-24 ABYC H-25 33 CFR 183 TP 1332 SVR
  • Flammable vapour / gas detection system Gasoline engines Inboard engine (shaft, sterndrive, jet or pod) ABYC A-14
  • Backfire flame arrester on each gasoline inboard, sterndrive or waterjet engine — approved type (SAE J1928 / UL 1111), secured, clean Gasoline engines Inboard engine (shaft, sterndrive, jet or pod) ABYC P-4 46 CFR 25.35 TP 1332 SVR

Diesel Fuel System

  • Diesel-specific fuel system — primary filter / water separator, return lines and fuel transfer (ABYC H-33) Diesel engines ABYC H-33 TP 1332

Electric Propulsion

  • High-voltage electric propulsion system — disconnects, conductors, labelling (ABYC E-30) Electric propulsion ABYC E-30
  • Lithium-ion traction battery — BMS, ventilation, thermal management (ABYC TE-13) Electric propulsion ABYC TE-13

Propulsion — Outboard

  • Outboard engine mounting, transom, and tilt/trim Outboard power ABYC TH-12 TP 1332
  • Portable / outboard fuel line, primer bulb, and connections Outboard power ABYC C-1 ABYC H-25 TP 1332

Propulsion — Inboard Shafting

  • Shaft alignment, coupling, stuffing box / shaft seal, cutless bearing (ABYC P-6) Inboard shaft drive ABYC P-6 TP 1332

Propulsion — Sterndrive

  • Sterndrive — transom assembly and shield, bellows (U-joint, exhaust, shift cable), gimbal bearing, drive lube condition, trim/tilt and anodes Sterndrive ABYC E-2

Propulsion — Waterjet

  • Waterjet — intake grate, pump housing and impeller / wear ring, steering nozzle and reverse bucket, shaft seal Jet drive ABYC P-23 ABYC E-2

Propulsion — Pod Drive

  • Pod drive — hull clamp ring, seals and bellows, pod gear oil (no water or emulsion), steering actuators, joystick / station-keeping, anodes and counter-rotating propellers, and manufacturer service intervals Pod drive ABYC E-2 ABYC P-28

LPG / Propane System

  • LPG/CNG storage locker, regulator, solenoid, leak test, and appliance shut-off LPG / propane aboard ABYC A-1 SVR
  • Gas appliances (stove/heater) installation, flame-failure devices, clearances LPG / propane aboard ABYC A-1 ABYC A-3 ABYC A-26 SVR

Carbon Monoxide & Accommodation

  • Carbon monoxide detector(s) in enclosed accommodation spaces (ABYC A-24) Enclosed accommodation ABYC A-24
  • Cooking & heating appliance installation and ventilation (ABYC A-7) Enclosed accommodation ABYC A-7 ABYC A-3 ABYC A-26 SVR SVR

Sea Trial

  • Engine start, idle quality and warm-up With a sea trial Powered boats
  • Gauges and alarms (oil pressure, temperature, voltage) reading correctly With a sea trial Powered boats ABYC E-11 ABYC P-4
  • RPM, operating temperature and oil pressure at cruise / WOT With a sea trial Powered boats ABYC P-4
  • Vibration, noise and shaft/drive alignment underway With a sea trial Powered boats ABYC P-6
  • Steering response, handling and tracking underway With a sea trial ABYC P-21 ABYC P-27
  • Sail handling, rig tune and winches under load With a sea trial Sailboats
  • Forward / neutral / reverse engagement and shifting With a sea trial Powered boats ABYC P-14
  • Exhaust colour, smoke and cooling water discharge With a sea trial Fuel-burning engines ABYC P-1
  • Bilge, shaft seal / stern gland and engine compartment after the run With a sea trial ABYC P-6 ABYC H-22

SeaWorthy builds this checklist for each boat

Enter the vessel and SeaWorthy keeps only the items that apply to it, with the references for the survey's country. Rate, photograph and write findings on your phone or tablet, with or without a signal, and send a branded PDF or Word report from the app.

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Standards referenced on this page

ABYC

ABYC A-1
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Systems
ABYC A-3
Cooking Appliances
ABYC A-4
Fire Fighting Equipment
ABYC A-7
Liquid and Solid Fueled Boat Heating Systems
ABYC A-14
Gasoline and Propane Gas Detection Systems
ABYC A-16
Installation of Electric Navigation Lights
ABYC A-23
Sound Signal Appliances
ABYC A-24
Installation of Carbon Monoxide Detectors and Alarms
ABYC A-26
LPG and CNG Fueled Appliances
ABYC A-27
Alternating Current (AC) Generator Sets
ABYC A-28
Galvanic Isolators
ABYC A-31
Battery Chargers and Inverters
ABYC A-32
AC Power Conversion Equipment and Systems
ABYC A-33
Emergency Engine/Propulsion Cut-Off Devices
ABYC C-1
Primer Bulbs
ABYC E-2
Cathodic Protection
ABYC E-10
Storage Batteries
ABYC E-11
AC and DC Electrical Systems on Boats
ABYC E-30
Electric Propulsion Systems
ABYC H-2
Ventilation of Boats Using Gasoline
ABYC H-3
Exterior Windows, Windshields, Hatches, Doors, Portlights, and Glazing Materials
ABYC H-4
Cockpit Drainage Systems
ABYC H-5
Boat Load Capacity
ABYC H-22
Electric Bilge Pump Systems
ABYC H-23
Water Systems on Boats
ABYC H-24
Gasoline (Petrol) Fuel Systems
ABYC H-25
Portable and Semi-Portable Marine Gasoline Fuel Systems
ABYC H-27
Seacocks, Thru-Hull Fittings, and Drain Plugs
ABYC H-33
Diesel Fuel Systems
ABYC H-40
Anchoring, Mooring, and Strong Points
ABYC H-41
Reboarding Means, Ladders, Handholds, Rails, and Lifelines
ABYC P-1
Installation of Exhaust Systems for Propulsion and Auxiliary Engines
ABYC P-4
Marine Inboard Engines and Transmissions
ABYC P-6
Propeller Shafting Systems
ABYC P-14
Mechanical Propulsion Control Systems
ABYC P-17
Mechanical Steering Systems
ABYC P-18
Cable Over Pulley Steering Systems for Outboard Engines
ABYC P-21
Manual and Assisted Hydraulic Steering Systems
ABYC P-22
Steering Wheels
ABYC P-23
Mechanical Steering and Propulsion Controls for Jet Boats
ABYC P-27
Electric/Electronic Steering Control Systems
ABYC P-28
Electric/Electronic Control Systems for Propulsion and Steering
ABYC S-7
Boat Capacity Labels
ABYC S-31
Environmental Considerations for Electronic Systems and Components Installed on Boats
ABYC TE-13
Lithium Ion Batteries
ABYC TH-12
Outboard Engine Mounting Guide
ABYC TH-23
Design, Construction, and Testing of Boats in Consideration of Carbon Monoxide
ABYC TH-29
Sewage Systems

US Coast Guard

33 CFR 83
Inland Navigation Rules
33 CFR 83.01(g)
Inland Navigation Rules: copy aboard self-propelled vessels 12 m and over
33 CFR 151
Vessels carrying oil, noxious liquid substances, garbage, municipal or commercial waste, and ballast water
33 CFR 155
Oil or hazardous material pollution prevention regulations for vessels
33 CFR 159.7(a)
Marine sanitation devices: an operable certified device on a vessel with an installed toilet
33 CFR 159.7(b)-(c)
Marine sanitation devices: securing the overboard discharge in no-discharge zones
33 CFR 175
Equipment requirements (recreational boats)
33 CFR 175.201
Equipment requirements, Subpart D: ventilation
33 CFR 183
Boats and associated equipment
46 CFR 25
Uninspected vessels: requirements
46 CFR 25.35
Uninspected vessels: backfire flame control
46 CFR 25.40
Uninspected vessels: ventilation
46 U.S.C. 4312
Engine cut-off switches

Transport Canada

SOR/2012-69 ss. 86, 87
Vessel Pollution and Dangerous Chemicals Regulations: holding tank or marine sanitation device; toilet secured
SOR/2012-69 ss. 86, 88
Vessel Pollution and Dangerous Chemicals Regulations: holding tank or marine sanitation device; holding tanks
SOR/2012-69 ss. 95, 96
Vessel Pollution and Dangerous Chemicals Regulations: sewage discharge prohibition and authorized discharges
SVR
Small Vessel Regulations (SOR/2010-91)
TP 1332
Construction Standards for Small Vessels

NFPA

NFPA 302
Fire Protection Standard for Pleasure and Commercial Motor Craft

COLREGS

Canadian Collision Regulations Rule 40
Collision Regulations (C.R.C., c. 1416), Canadian provision: radar reflectors
COLREGS Rule 20–31
Lights and shapes
COLREGS Rule 33
Equipment for sound signals