What a pre-purchase survey covers
A pre-purchase survey is commissioned by the buyer to find out what they are really buying: the condition of the structure and systems, anything unsafe or out of line with the standards the boat should meet, and what it is worth. It is usually the most thorough survey a recreational boat gets, often with the boat hauled out and a sea trial. An insurance condition-and-value survey covers much of the same ground, framed for an underwriter.
This is the checklist SeaWorthy's marine survey software works from. 50 of the 155 items apply to every boat. The rest depend on the vessel: sail or power, length, fuel and propulsion, whether the survey is in the United States or Canada, systems such as LPG or a generator, and whether there is a sea trial. Each item is rated Satisfactory, Requires Service, Not Observed or Not Applicable.
Sailboats applies only to these boats ABYC H-27 standard or regulation referenced
Standards are listed for 120 of the 155 items, by code only. They show where to look, not what the standard says; always check the current edition. Items without one are descriptive records or condition judgments that no standard publishes.
Sections
- Hull
- Moisture Readings
- Deck / Superstructure
- Interior
- Engine
- Fuel System
- Electrical / Electronics
- Fresh Water System
- Sanitation
- Thru-Hulls (Below Waterline)
- Rigging
- Sails
- Ground Tackle
- Safety Equipment
- Gasoline Fuel & Ventilation
- Diesel Fuel System
- Electric Propulsion
- Propulsion — Outboard
- Propulsion — Inboard Shafting
- Propulsion — Sterndrive
- Propulsion — Waterjet
- Propulsion — Pod Drive
- LPG / Propane System
- Carbon Monoxide & Accommodation
- Sea Trial
Hull
- Type
- Foils / Keel
- Rudder
- Material
- Steering Gear
- Below waterline coating
- Exterior hull coating
- Portlights
- Bulkheads
- Stringers
- Stem / bow
- Stern / transom
- Bilge
- Bilge pump
- Propeller
- Hull General
- Anodes
Moisture Readings
- Deck moisture reading
- Hull sides moisture reading
- Keel area moisture reading
- Transom moisture reading
- Moisture meter instrument used
Deck / Superstructure
- Deck surface condition
- Non-skid surfaces
- Hatches and companionways
- Cockpit and drains
- Lifelines, bow rails and stanchions
- Cleats and chocks
- Winches
- Windshield, dodger / bimini and canvas
- Davits / dinghy lifting system — structure, attachment, and rated capacity
Interior
- Headliner condition
- Cabinetry and joinery
- Berths and cushions
- Floorboards and soles
- Ventilation
- Galley equipment
Engine
- Engine make / model / year
- Engine hours
- Engine mounts
- Cooling system
- Exhaust system
- Raw water strainer
- Oil and fluid levels
- Belt and hose condition
- Engine run test
- Transmission / gearbox (if fitted)
Fuel System
- Fuel tank material and condition
- Fuel tank venting
- Fuel fill and deck fitting
- Fuel lines and connections
- Fuel shut-off valve
- Day tank (if fitted)
Electrical / Electronics
- Battery bank condition and capacity
- Battery switches and isolators
- Wiring — AC system
- Wiring — DC system
- Shore power inlet and cord
- Navigation lights
- VHF radio
- Chartplotter / GPS
- Depth sounder
- Bilge pump float switch
- SSB / HF radio (if fitted)
- Radar (if fitted)
- AIS transponder (if fitted)
- Autopilot (if fitted)
- AC generating plant (genset) installation, exhaust, and fuel supply
Fresh Water System
- Fresh water tank condition
- Water pump
- Plumbing lines and fittings
- Hot water heater
- Pressure tested
- Watermaker (reverse-osmosis) installation, high-pressure plumbing, and thru-hulls
Sanitation
- Marine head type and condition
- Holding tank and capacity
- Y-valve and overboard discharge
- Deck pumpout fitting
- Macerator pump
Thru-Hulls (Below Waterline)
- Number of thru-hulls
- Seacock operation
- Seacock backing plates
- Depth transducer fitting
- Exhaust thru-hull
Rigging
- Standing rigging — wire / rod condition
- Swage fittings and toggles
- Chainplates and deck attachment
- Mast step / keel-stepped condition
- Spreaders and shroud angles
- Forestay and backstay
- Running rigging — halyards and sheets
- Furling systems
- Boom vang and traveller
- Mast and boom condition
Sails
- Main sail condition
- Jib / genoa condition
- Spinnaker / asymmetric condition
- Storm sails present
- Sail cover condition
Ground Tackle
- Primary anchor type and weight
- Anchor chain — size and length
- Shackles and swivels
- Anchor windlass — mounting, deck reinforcement, operation and controls
- Rode storage
- Secondary anchor (if carried)
Safety Equipment
- Lifejackets / PFDs — one of appropriate size for each person aboard, approved and serviceable
- Pyrotechnic distress signals (flares) — number by length; within 4 years of manufacture; not required on a river, canal or lake where the boat is never more than 1 nmi from shore; over 6 m, up to half may be omitted with a two-way radio, a worn 406 MHz PLB or a 406 MHz EPIRB (SVR 213)
- Fire extinguishers — 6 m and under: one 5B:C if there is an inboard engine, a fixed fuel tank or a fuel-burning appliance; over 6–9 m: one 5B:C if power-driven plus one 5B:C if a fuel-burning appliance; over 9–12 m: the same at 10B:C; over 12 m: a 10B:C at each fuel-burning-appliance space, accommodation entrance and machinery-space entrance; charged and serviced
- Buoyant heaving line (15 m) / lifebuoy on a 15 m buoyant line — per SVR 204 by length
- Sound signalling device — under 12 m any efficient means; 12 m and over a whistle; 20 m and over a whistle and bell (Rule 33)
- Bailer or manual bilge pump (9 m and under); manual bilge pump or bilge-pumping arrangements (9–12 m); bilge-pumping arrangements (over 12 m) — not required if the boat cannot hold enough water to capsize or its compartments are sealed and not readily accessible (SVR 214)
- Magnetic compass (not required 8 m and under within sight of seamarks)
- Anchor with cable, rope or chain — at least 15 m (9 m and under, unless a manual propelling device is carried), 30 m (9–12 m), 50 m (over 12 m)
- Manual propelling device (paddle or oars) or an anchor with at least 15 m of rode — 9 m and under
- First aid kit (recommended — the SVR do not require one on a pleasure craft)
- EPIRB / PLB (if carried) — 406 MHz, registered (NOAA in the US, Canadian Beacon Registry), battery within date; hydrostatic release within date on a float-free EPIRB
- Wearable PFDs — USCG-approved, one per person, correct size, readily accessible (legacy Type I–III or new 'Level' labels; Type V counts only if worn as labelled)
- Throwable PFD (legacy Type IV) — boats 16 ft (4.9 m) and over; canoes and kayaks exempt
- Visual distress signals (coastal waters & Great Lakes) — day and night; night-only for boats under 16 ft, manually propelled boats, open sailboats under 26 ft without propulsion machinery and boats in organized events
- Fire extinguishers (motorboats) — number by length; 2018+ model year needs UL 5-B/10-B/20-B, B-I/B-II only on pre-2018 boats; open outboard boats under 26 ft with no enclosed spaces exempt
- Oil discharge and garbage (MARPOL) placards — boats 26 ft (7.9 m) and over: garbage placard on all, oil discharge placard where there is a machinery space
- Liferaft — float-free stowage / hydrostatic release, last-service date and service interval (manufacturer / ISO 9650)
- Reboarding device — required unless the height to climb back aboard is 0.5 m or less
- Watertight flashlight (counts as the visual signal on boats 6 m and under in place of three flares)
- Radar reflector (or other means of radar detection) — under 20 m or of non-metallic construction, where practicable; not needed in daylight, limited traffic and favourable conditions, or where the boat's size or operation away from radar navigation makes it impracticable
- Axe and two buckets (over 12 m), with 10B:C extinguishers at the machinery space, accommodation and fuel-burning appliance accesses
- Engine cut-off switch (ECOS) and lanyard / wireless link — boats under 26 ft with 3 hp or more: fitted on boats built on or after 4 December 2019; worn when on plane or above displacement speed
- Capacity / certification label (power monohulls under 20 ft; sailboats, canoes and kayaks exempt) — maximum persons, weight and horsepower, legible and matching the installed power
- Copy of the Inland Navigation Rules aboard (self-propelled vessels 12 m / 39.4 ft and over)
Gasoline Fuel & Ventilation
- Powered & natural engine-compartment ventilation (blower, ducting, warning label)
- Gasoline-specific fuel system — USCG Type A1/A2 hose, anti-siphon protection, fuel-system grounding, ignition-protected equipment in fuel and engine spaces
- Flammable vapour / gas detection system
- Backfire flame arrester on each gasoline inboard, sterndrive or waterjet engine — approved type (SAE J1928 / UL 1111), secured, clean
Diesel Fuel System
- Diesel-specific fuel system — primary filter / water separator, return lines and fuel transfer (ABYC H-33)
Electric Propulsion
- High-voltage electric propulsion system — disconnects, conductors, labelling (ABYC E-30)
- Lithium-ion traction battery — BMS, ventilation, thermal management (ABYC TE-13)
Propulsion — Outboard
- Outboard engine mounting, transom, and tilt/trim
- Portable / outboard fuel line, primer bulb, and connections
Propulsion — Inboard Shafting
- Shaft alignment, coupling, stuffing box / shaft seal, cutless bearing (ABYC P-6)
Propulsion — Sterndrive
- Sterndrive — transom assembly and shield, bellows (U-joint, exhaust, shift cable), gimbal bearing, drive lube condition, trim/tilt and anodes
Propulsion — Waterjet
- Waterjet — intake grate, pump housing and impeller / wear ring, steering nozzle and reverse bucket, shaft seal
Propulsion — Pod Drive
- Pod drive — hull clamp ring, seals and bellows, pod gear oil (no water or emulsion), steering actuators, joystick / station-keeping, anodes and counter-rotating propellers, and manufacturer service intervals
LPG / Propane System
- LPG/CNG storage locker, regulator, solenoid, leak test, and appliance shut-off
- Gas appliances (stove/heater) installation, flame-failure devices, clearances
Carbon Monoxide & Accommodation
- Carbon monoxide detector(s) in enclosed accommodation spaces (ABYC A-24)
- Cooking & heating appliance installation and ventilation (ABYC A-7)
Sea Trial
- Engine start, idle quality and warm-up
- Gauges and alarms (oil pressure, temperature, voltage) reading correctly
- RPM, operating temperature and oil pressure at cruise / WOT
- Vibration, noise and shaft/drive alignment underway
- Steering response, handling and tracking underway
- Sail handling, rig tune and winches under load
- Forward / neutral / reverse engagement and shifting
- Exhaust colour, smoke and cooling water discharge
- Bilge, shaft seal / stern gland and engine compartment after the run
SeaWorthy builds this checklist for each boat
Enter the vessel and SeaWorthy keeps only the items that apply to it, with the references for the survey's country. Rate, photograph and write findings on your phone or tablet, with or without a signal, and send a branded PDF or Word report from the app.
Start freeStandards referenced on this page
ABYC
- ABYC A-1
- Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Systems
- ABYC A-3
- Cooking Appliances
- ABYC A-4
- Fire Fighting Equipment
- ABYC A-7
- Liquid and Solid Fueled Boat Heating Systems
- ABYC A-14
- Gasoline and Propane Gas Detection Systems
- ABYC A-16
- Installation of Electric Navigation Lights
- ABYC A-23
- Sound Signal Appliances
- ABYC A-24
- Installation of Carbon Monoxide Detectors and Alarms
- ABYC A-26
- LPG and CNG Fueled Appliances
- ABYC A-27
- Alternating Current (AC) Generator Sets
- ABYC A-28
- Galvanic Isolators
- ABYC A-31
- Battery Chargers and Inverters
- ABYC A-32
- AC Power Conversion Equipment and Systems
- ABYC A-33
- Emergency Engine/Propulsion Cut-Off Devices
- ABYC C-1
- Primer Bulbs
- ABYC E-2
- Cathodic Protection
- ABYC E-10
- Storage Batteries
- ABYC E-11
- AC and DC Electrical Systems on Boats
- ABYC E-30
- Electric Propulsion Systems
- ABYC H-2
- Ventilation of Boats Using Gasoline
- ABYC H-3
- Exterior Windows, Windshields, Hatches, Doors, Portlights, and Glazing Materials
- ABYC H-4
- Cockpit Drainage Systems
- ABYC H-5
- Boat Load Capacity
- ABYC H-22
- Electric Bilge Pump Systems
- ABYC H-23
- Water Systems on Boats
- ABYC H-24
- Gasoline (Petrol) Fuel Systems
- ABYC H-25
- Portable and Semi-Portable Marine Gasoline Fuel Systems
- ABYC H-27
- Seacocks, Thru-Hull Fittings, and Drain Plugs
- ABYC H-33
- Diesel Fuel Systems
- ABYC H-40
- Anchoring, Mooring, and Strong Points
- ABYC H-41
- Reboarding Means, Ladders, Handholds, Rails, and Lifelines
- ABYC P-1
- Installation of Exhaust Systems for Propulsion and Auxiliary Engines
- ABYC P-4
- Marine Inboard Engines and Transmissions
- ABYC P-6
- Propeller Shafting Systems
- ABYC P-14
- Mechanical Propulsion Control Systems
- ABYC P-17
- Mechanical Steering Systems
- ABYC P-18
- Cable Over Pulley Steering Systems for Outboard Engines
- ABYC P-21
- Manual and Assisted Hydraulic Steering Systems
- ABYC P-22
- Steering Wheels
- ABYC P-23
- Mechanical Steering and Propulsion Controls for Jet Boats
- ABYC P-27
- Electric/Electronic Steering Control Systems
- ABYC P-28
- Electric/Electronic Control Systems for Propulsion and Steering
- ABYC S-7
- Boat Capacity Labels
- ABYC S-31
- Environmental Considerations for Electronic Systems and Components Installed on Boats
- ABYC TE-13
- Lithium Ion Batteries
- ABYC TH-12
- Outboard Engine Mounting Guide
- ABYC TH-23
- Design, Construction, and Testing of Boats in Consideration of Carbon Monoxide
- ABYC TH-29
- Sewage Systems
US Coast Guard
- 33 CFR 83
- Inland Navigation Rules
- 33 CFR 83.01(g)
- Inland Navigation Rules: copy aboard self-propelled vessels 12 m and over
- 33 CFR 151
- Vessels carrying oil, noxious liquid substances, garbage, municipal or commercial waste, and ballast water
- 33 CFR 155
- Oil or hazardous material pollution prevention regulations for vessels
- 33 CFR 159.7(a)
- Marine sanitation devices: an operable certified device on a vessel with an installed toilet
- 33 CFR 159.7(b)-(c)
- Marine sanitation devices: securing the overboard discharge in no-discharge zones
- 33 CFR 175
- Equipment requirements (recreational boats)
- 33 CFR 175.201
- Equipment requirements, Subpart D: ventilation
- 33 CFR 183
- Boats and associated equipment
- 46 CFR 25
- Uninspected vessels: requirements
- 46 CFR 25.35
- Uninspected vessels: backfire flame control
- 46 CFR 25.40
- Uninspected vessels: ventilation
- 46 U.S.C. 4312
- Engine cut-off switches
Transport Canada
- SOR/2012-69 ss. 86, 87
- Vessel Pollution and Dangerous Chemicals Regulations: holding tank or marine sanitation device; toilet secured
- SOR/2012-69 ss. 86, 88
- Vessel Pollution and Dangerous Chemicals Regulations: holding tank or marine sanitation device; holding tanks
- SOR/2012-69 ss. 95, 96
- Vessel Pollution and Dangerous Chemicals Regulations: sewage discharge prohibition and authorized discharges
- SVR
- Small Vessel Regulations (SOR/2010-91)
- TP 1332
- Construction Standards for Small Vessels
NFPA
- NFPA 302
- Fire Protection Standard for Pleasure and Commercial Motor Craft
COLREGS
- Canadian Collision Regulations Rule 40
- Collision Regulations (C.R.C., c. 1416), Canadian provision: radar reflectors
- COLREGS Rule 20–31
- Lights and shapes
- COLREGS Rule 33
- Equipment for sound signals